| Metabolic response and energy demands in soccer |
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The physical demands during a soccer match, as estimated by heart-rate and body-temperature measurements, correspond to ~70% of maximum oxygen uptake.
Therefore, aerobic energy production is highly taxed in most of the game accounting for approximately 90% of total energy consumption. During a competitive match, a top-class player perform 150-250 intense actions as demonstrated by reduced muscle creatine phosphate and pH levels, and by increased muscle lactate concentrations. Thus, the anaerobic energy system is heavily stimulated during periods of game. Muscle glycogen is reduced by 40-90% during a game and is probably the most important substrate for energy production. Muscle triglycerides, blood free fatty acids and glucose are also progressively utilized as substrates for oxidative metabolism, likely for compensating the lowering of muscle glycogen. Recommendations: Players should perform frequent sessions of aerobic training, and at an elite level also speed endurance training. Bangsbo J. Bangsbo J, Iaia FM, Krustrup P.
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